Fire arm



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BREE'GH LOADING PIRE. ARM.

VPatentd July 16, 1889.

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P. MAUSBR.

- BREEH LOADING FIRE ARM.

Patented July 16, 1889.

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BREBGH LOADIG- FIRE ARM.

No. 406,924. Patented July 16, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL MAUSER, OF OBERNDORF-ON-THENECKAR, VRTEMBERG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE XVAFFENFABRIK MAUSER, OF SAME PLACE.

BREEcH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatelrlt No. 406,924, dated July 16, 1889.

Application iiled June 80, 1888. Serial No. 278,657. (No model.) Patented in Germany March 2, 1888, No. 44,323; in Belgium March 9,1888,No.80,938; in Italy March 81,1881,N2.23,202; in England April 16, 1888, No. 5,841, and in Spain June 12, 188s, No. 8,053.

To all whom -it may concern:

Be itknown that I, PAUL MAUSER, manufacturer, a resident of Oberndorf-on-theNeckar, in the Kingdom of lVrt-emberg, German E1npire, and a subject of the King of Vrtemberg, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Fire-Arms, (which are the subject of Letters PatentA in Germany, No. 44,323, dated March 2, 1888; in Belgium, No. 80,938, dated March 9, 1888; in Italy, No. 23,202 477, dated March 31, 1888; in Spain, No. 8,053, dated June 12,1888, and in England, No. 5,641, dated April 16, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

This inven tion relates to breech-loadin g lirearms having a cylinder-bolt, which are known as bolt-guns.

The invention pertains especially to the ejector for throwing out the empty shells and to means for applying' and operating a detachable cartridge-magazine to be applied either on top of or beneath the breech-case of the gun. Such a detachable magazine designed to be applied above the breech-case is fully shown in my application, Serial No. 258,818, patented June 5, 1888, No. 383,895. A detachable cartridge-magazine to be applied beneath the breech-case is also well knownfor example, in the Lee magazine-gun.

Figure 1 of the accompanying vdrawings is a side elevation of the breech portion of the breech-case of a gun embodying my invention, looking from the left. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section thereof cut in the plane of the line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar transverse section cut in the plane of the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view cut in the plane of the lines 4 5 in Figs. 1 and Fig. 5 is a similar sectional plan, the breechcase being cut in the same plane, but the bolthead being in elevation. Fig. 6 is a plan of the gun, partly in section, on the line 6 G in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal mid-section of the breech portion of the gun with the bolt withdrawn, showin g the application of a Lee magazine beneath the breech. Fig. 8 is a horizontal longitudinal mid-section of the breech-case cut on the line 8 8 in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan of Athe breech portion of the gun, .partly in section, on the same plane as Fig. 6, and showing a detachable cartridge-.magazine applied to the gun. Figs. 10 and 11 are transverse sections cut on the line 10 1l in Fig. 9, and showing two different means for attaching the magazine to the gun.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 7, and 8 the bolt is entirely withdrawn. In Fig. 4 the bolt is shown partly drawn back, and in Figs. 5 and 6 it is shown 'fully drawn back.

Let A in Figs. G, 7, and 8 designate the barrel, and C in the several figures designate the breech-case of the gun.

D is the bolt.

F is the bolt-head, and f is a longitudinallymoving slide or guide plate, which pai-takes of the longitudinal movement of the bolt,but not of its oscillatory movement. The bolthead in the construction shown is attached to or formed in one piece with the guide-plate f.

The bolt B is provided, as usual, with a locking-lever, (not shown,) which, When it is pushed fully forward, is oscillated about a quarter-revolution, in order to lock it firmly in position ready for iiring. In order to lock the bolt, it is provided near its rear end with recoil shoulders or projections, which as the bolt is oscillated enter corresponding recesses in the breech-case C. These parts are not shown, as they are not essential to my present invention.

The construction of the bolt-head, guideplate f, and other coact-ing parts will be found fully illustrated and. described in another application of mine executed simultaneously herewith, designated Case A, application No. 278,321, tiled June 27, 1888.

T is the trigger, and Z the trigger-beak.

S in Fig. 5 indicates an empty cartridgeshell in the act of being thrown out.

The extractor is shown at r in Figs. 5 and 6, and the ejector is shown at g in Figs. 1 to 5.

The guide-plate j' slides between the walls of the breech-case on the top thereof and beneath the bridge B, that forms a part of the rear portion of the breech-case. When the Vss bolt is pushed forward, the plate f closes the breech-case opening and prevents access of dust to the cartridge-rest. In drawing back the bolt it is stopped by the abutting of a shoulder b at the front of the guide-plate f against a stop-tooth d on a lever d', Awhich toot-h projects into a longitudinal groove d in the guide-plate, all as clearly shown in Fig. 6.

So far as described the parts are either known or are covered by other applications for patents made by me.

When a gun of this type is intended to be used as a n1agazine-gun,and for this purpose a temporary magazine is to be attachedto it, 1t 1s necessary to alter some parts ofthe gun. The usual cartridge-expeller at the bottom of the cartridge must be removed in order to enable an opening to be made for the applicatlon of a cartridge-magazine from beneath; and when a magazine is mounted on top of the breech-case some device must be provided for communicating motion from some part of the gun to the magazine, so that it shall feed a fresh cartridge to the gun at the proper instant. The accompanying drawings show a A construction and arrangement of parts adapted either for a magazine on top of the breechcasesimilar to that shown in my said applicat1on, Serial No. 258,818, or for applying a magazine from belowr after the manner of the` Lec gun.

The cartridge-ejectorv consists of a flatv piece of steel g, formed with a nose g and Xed on an aXial pivot-pin or pintle g2. The' ejector works in a corresponding hole in the left-hand wall of the breech-case C, about' level with the aXis of the barrel of the gun. The pint-le g2 turns in a vertical hole formed 1n the breech-case, as shown in Fig. 2. At one place the pintle is flattened, as shown in Flg. 4, and is pressed against bya flat spring or spring-arm m, which is fastened to the outside of the breech-case and acts upon the flattened portion of the pintle to press the ejector inwardly, so that its nose g projects into the bore of the breech-case. This can occur, however, only when the bolt is drawn back, as shown in Fig. 5. The bolt-head F `is formed with a notch or recess g3, having an mclined bottom, which recess is arranged in the plane of the .ejector g, so that as the bolt 1s pushed forward the nose g of the ejector enters this recess. As the bolt is pushed forward the inclined bottom of this recess acts on the nose g and pushes it back,

as shown in Fig. '4, thereby oscillating the pintle g3 and compressing the spring m. As the bolt is pushed fully forward, thebolt-head F passes beyond the nose g and the latter rests with but little friction against the side of the bolt proper D. The recess g3 is deepest at the front of the bolt-head. It will be understood that the bolt-head F, being in one piece with the guide-plate f, is restrained from turning, lso that the recess g3 remains always in the same plane as the ejector g.

After firing the gun the drawing back of the bolt extracts the empty shell by the rim thereof being caught by the claw r, and after the shell is entirely withdrawn from thebarrel its base encounters the ejector-nose g', which meanwhile has been moving out into the recess g3, and at this time protrudes about five to eight millimeters into the bore of the breech-case, as shown in Fig. 5. By striking the ejector the base of the shell is thus stopped, while the drawing back of the bolt continues, so that the top rim of the shell is pulled back forcibly, while its side is stopped by the ejector-nose, so that the shell is whirled around the claw and thrown out at the top through-,the case-opening. By this construction of ejector the portion of the bore of the breech-case constituting the cartridgerest is left smooth and without grooves, so that the lower part of it may be cut through, as shown at p in Figs. G, 7, and 8, for the insertion of a cartridge-magazine of the Lee type, the detail construction of which is so well known that a description is deemed unnecessary.

Vhen a cartridge-magazine is to be used which is applied on top of the breech-case, the top face of the left-hand wall of the breech-case C is formed with holes or mortises t u for the reception of corresponding tenons on the magazine-frame. the magazine may be constructed as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 of my said application, Serial No. 258,818, Patent No. 383,895. This construction is shown in Fig. ll of the accompanying drawings, where U is one of the mortises, and fu is a tenon on the magazin e-frame, which enters this mortise and is fastened therein by a spring-latch @2. Fig. 10 shows another method of attaching the magazine, which corresponds to that shown in Fig. 4 of my said previous application. In this case lthe bottom of the magazine-frame has two flanges, which embrace between them the' wall q of the breech-case, and are held thereto by a spring bolt or catch e.

The magazine consists of a cartridgecase or box E, rigidly attached to the magazineframe and arranged to one side of the cartridge-rest in the breech of the gun, and a movable carrier h, mounted on leaf-springs j', which hold it normally in line with the box E, but admit of its being swung out over the cartridge-rest. This displacement of the carrier 7L is effected by the vibration of a lever l, which is pivoted to the magazine-frame. Fig. (5 the normal position of the carrier h is shown by the dotted lines h', and its displaced position for dropping the cartridge into the breech-case of the gun is shown by the lines h. The normal position of the lever Z is shown by the dotted lines t', and its displaced position for feeding the cartridge by the dotted lines t. For a full description and illustration of the details of construction of this detachable magazine (which are immaterial to my present invention) reference maybe had to my said previous appli- In this case IOO IIO

cation, Patent No. 383,895. The only alteration due to my present invention is in the shape of the short arm l of this lever, which is clearly shown in Fig. The means for setting the elbow-lever I Z in motion at the proper time, and which pertains solely to the gun itself and not to the detachable magazine, is also altered, as I will proceed to describe.

On the left-hand side of the guide-plate f a groove or recess c is milled out, terminating at the front end in a sloping shonlderor camface c. To the left-hand wall of the breechcase C is pivoted a lever n, having a projecting tooth n', which enters through a slot in the wall of the breech-case, as shown in Fig. 3, and projects into the groove c. The pintle n2 of this lever n turns in a vert-ical hole in the breech-case and is attened at one place, and against its iiattened portion a spring or spring-arm m is arranged to press. Thus the lever n is normally pressed inwardly, with its tooth n entering the groove c.

During the greater part of the back-stroke of the bolt, and hence of the guide-plate f, the tooth n remains in the groove c and is not acted upon; but at near the end of the stroke the inclined shoulder c encounters this tooth and forces it outwardly, and thereby swings ont the push-lever n, as shown in Fig. 6. As soon as the bolt D is pushed forward again the push-lever n is returnedto its normal position by the action of the spring m against the flattened face of thepintlen?. So long as the cartridge-magazine is not applied to the gun these movements of the lever n are idle. lVhcn, however, the magazine is applied, the short arm l of its lever Z comes against the end of the lever n, as shown in Fig. 9. Then upon the retraction of the bolt the outward displacement of the lever n is communicated thereby to the lever l, as shown in Fig. G, so that the latter is rocked to the position shown at fi and the cartridge-carrier his swung over from the position 7L to the position 7L, thereby feeding a cartridge to the gun. Upon pushing forward the bolt again the lever n is returned to its normal position by means of its spring, and the lever Z is restored by the return of the cartridgecarrier 72y to its normal position under the tension of its leaf-springsly". l

Thus my improved bolt-gun,while normally a single-loader, can be converted instantaneously into a magazine-gun according to either of two diiferent systems. Then thc gun is in use as a single-loader, the movements of the lever n are unobjectionable. My invention is not confined to the use of the particular construction of magazine shown,which is itself old, but may be applied with any construction of magazine which is adapted to co-operate with the lever n iniorder to utilize the movement thereof for operating the cartridge-feed.

Preferably the two springs m and m are made in one piece and fastened by a single screw at their middle, as shown; but this is not essential.

I claim as my invention the following-defined improvements in fire-arms of the class known as bolt-guns, the same being substantially as hereinabove specified, viz:

l. The combination, with the breech-case, the oscillatory bolt, and the non-rotative bolthead formed with a recess in one side thereof, and the shell-extractor carried by the bolthead on the top thereof, of an ejector pivoted in the side of the breech-case and in the same plane with said recess, and a spring for press'- ing said ejector inwardly, so that on the retraction of the bolt its nose shall enter said recess and encounter the side of the base of the receding cartridge-shell.

2. The combination, With the breech-case an d bolt, the non-rotative bolt-head F, formed with a recess C3, having a sloping bottom, and the shell-extracting claw r, carried by said bolt-head, of an ejector g, pivoted to the breech-ease, with its nose in the same plane as said recess, and a spring for pressing the ejector inwardly.

3. The combination, with the breech-case and bolt, of an ejector having a pintle `fixed to it, which pintle is flattened on one side and has bearings in the breech-case, and a spring pressing against the flattened portion of said pintle, and thereby tending to project the nose of the ejector into the bore of the breechcase.

4. The combination of the detachable magazine having an operating-lever with a boltgun adapted for the attachment of said magazine, and having a guide-plate connected to and moving longitudinally with its bolt,-and an inclined shoulder or cam-face on said guide-plate, and adapted upon the extreme retraction of the guide-plate to effect the displacement of said operating-lever, and thereby canse the delivery of a cartridge to the breech of the gun.

5. The combination ofthe detachable magazine having an operating-lever with a boltgun adapted for the attachment of said magazine, and having a guide-plate connected` to and moving longitudinally with its bolt, and an 'inclined shoulder or cam-face on said guide-plate, and a push-lever pivoted to the gun in a position intervening, when the, bolt is retracted, between the said inclined face and the operating-lever of themagazine, and adapted tov transmit the movement of said inclined face to said operating-lever, and thereby to displace the latter and operate the magazine.

6. In a bolt-gun, the construction of the breech-case with the portion of its bore forming the cartridge-rest unobstructed at its bottom, and with an opening formed therein adapted for the attachment of a cartridgemagazine from beneath, in combination with a bolt and a guide-plate mounted to slide lon- TOC IIO

gitudinally over the opening in the top of the breech-case and connected to the bolt, so as to be moved longitudinally thereby.

7. In a bolt-gun, the construction of the breech-case with an opening p in its bottom for the insertion of a cartridge-magazine from beneath', in combination with the bolt, :t shell-extractor carried by the bolt-head, and an ejector mounted in the side of the breech- 1o case, and a spring for pressing said ejector v4 v I 406,924.

inwardly, so that its nose shall ent-er the bore of the breech-case, whereby the bottom of the cartridge-rest is left unobstructed.

This specification signed byme this 3d day of February, 1888.

PAUL MAUSER. i

Vitnesses:

EDMUND GRONAKI, THEO. ABENHEIM. 

